6 February 2025
It is widely accepted that in wild horse populations there are seasonal fluctuations in body weight, predominantly due to the availability of food. There is generally more food available from spring through to autumn than there is over winter, resulting in weight gain and fat store development, which is then utilised over the winter months as a source of energy. In the domestic horse population these variations in the fat stores may be less dramatic as their food intake and body condition are more closely monitored and controlled, however research has shown that the fat stores do increase over the spring and summer in many horses. Horses that are in higher intensity training or that undergo prolonged exercise over the summer months compared to the winter months may experience a reduction in their fat stores, this is because they will utilise the fat stores for energy which has built up during the time of lower intensity exercise or if they have had a winter break. There is a lot of focus on preventing your horse or pony from becoming overweight in spring and summer to reduce the risk of health issues such as Laminitis, however very little attention is drawn to the effects that these seasonal changes in the fat stores and muscle mass from inconsistent exercise regimes have on saddle fit, which has a direct influence on horse welfare and performance. With the limited research available, it shows that the seasons have a significant influence on back measurements of horses, with a narrowing of the measurements over the winter months (October-February) and broadening out again from March onwards. The changes in seasons frequently reflect a change in the exercise regimes. The intensity, duration and frequency of training are all contributing factors to horses back measurement changes through fluctuations in muscle mass as a response to exercise. It is imperative to consider saddle fit when there are changes in exercise, feeding and management of horses, which will often occur as the seasons change. Saddle fitting is a process requiring attention to detail and patience to ensure optimal results. A thorough assessment of both horse and rider should be undertaken to understand the whole picture and is a process which should not be rushed. Understanding any veterinary, physiotherapy, osteopathy and farrier history highlights any particular areas requiring more maintenance, which in turn may impact how the horse moves under saddle. It is also important to understand any medical history relating to the rider. As more research is being undertaken, findings are starting to show that asymmetric riders are causing asymmetries in horses, which will have a direct impact on saddle fit as the saddle is an interface between the horse and rider.